What is the difference between "master detail application" and "web view application" projects?

Master detail application means that you will create a base project already assembled with a storyboard that contains a TableViewController (master) and a UIViewController (detail). It means that you have a table and clicking on one of its entries will display the details of that entry. You should populate the table and configure the layout of the details screen.

See here the explanation of xamarin: http://docs.xamarin.com/recipes/ios/general/storyboard/storyboard_a_tableview /

See apple's explanation: https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/userexperience/conceptual/tableview_iphone/CreateConfigureTableView/CreateConfigureTableView.html

Already on web view Application, I did not see the possibility of creating a project like this, but I believe that it is a project also already mounted with a UIViewController that inside has a UIWebView. A webView is like a browser within your application. It is used if you want to load webPages without having to leave the application(it is also possible to have Safari load, which would exit).

So you need to see what you need: load webpages or populate a table and display its details when a table entry is touched.